If running a virtual machine using the Proxmox hypervisor, the VM will not automatically have access to physical USB ports; you must explicitly pass them through.
There is almost certainly a way to do this permanently or automatically but I found this method to be just fine for my needs. I used this for my hard-drive wiping project, to pass through a USB 3 to 2.5” SATA adapter.
lsusb
# output
#
# Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
# ...
qm set <vm-id> -usb4 host=<usb-id>,usb3=yes
# e.g.
qm set 100 -usb4 host=1d6b:0003,usb3=yesEOF